Pycnogenol is the registered trademark brand name of French maritime pine bark extract. People may use this natural supplement for several conditions, including dry skin and ADHD.
Pine bark extract contains active ingredients that are also in peanut skin, grape seed, and witch hazel bark. Some research suggests it may offer health benefits, like improving your heart health and protecting the brain.
Below, learn more about the potential benefits, risks, and usage of pycnogenol.
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The study found that pycnogenol prevented decreases in skin hydration and improved skin elasticity. People who took a placebo did not experience the same effects.
Research in a 2024 review suggests that pycnogenol may increase the production of hyaluronic acid and collagen, which may explain its beneficial effects on skin hydration and elasticity.
A 2017 review of animal and human studies suggests pine bark extract appears to reduce the creation of free radicals — molecules that may link to several skin conditions. The review noted that pine bark extract may also help with:
- cell regeneration and replication
- ultraviolet (UV) ray protection
- improving visible signs of aging, like wrinkles and rough skin
- decreasing skin thickness
- preventing inflammation
- decreasing melasma areas
- reducing hyperpigmentation
- preventing photoaging
- protecting against skin cancer
In addition to its skin-healing properties, pine bark extract also shows promise for helping children manage ADHD symptoms.
A 2022 clinical investigation compared pycnogenol with methylphenidate (Ritalin) and a placebo in 88 children with ADHD over 10 weeks.
Teachers reported more significant symptom improvement in children taking pycnogenol or methylphenidate than those taking the placebo. Children who took pycnogenol also had fewer side effects than those taking methylphenidate.
The researchers concluded that pycnogenol may offer a good alternative treatment to methylphenidate in children with ADHD, particularly in a school environment.
Research in a 2024 review suggests pycnogenol may also offer the following benefits for children with ADHD:
- relieving hyperactivity
- improving attention
- reducing stress hormone levels
- reducing oxidative DNA damage
- increasing antioxidants
Learn about the 6 best herbs for ADHD symptoms.
According to the 2024 review, pycnogenol has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Research suggests it may also help with:
- heart health
- blood circulation
- cognition, including memory and mood
- hair health, including hair thickness
- joint pain
- eyes
- oral health
- menopause symptoms
- painful periods
- allergies
- respiratory conditions, like asthma
- sports performance
However, the review authors highlight that there are still gaps in our knowledge about pycnogenol. More research is necessary to learn exactly how it works and how professionals can use it for various conditions.
According to a 2020 article, pycnogenol is generally safe for most people. Current research does not report any severe adverse effects, but you may experience mild side effects, like stomach discomfort, particularly if you have a sensitive stomach.
Despite the low rate of side effects, it’s always a good idea to start with a low dose so you can monitor how your body responds.
Although there are currently no known drug interactions or contraindications for pycnogenol, you should speak with a doctor before taking it if you:
- are pregnant or breastfeeding
- have an autoimmune condition
- have a bleeding condition
- have diabetes
- are within two weeks of a scheduled surgery
- have liver issues
- have a heart condition
- take any other medications or supplements
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You can take pine bark extract by mouth in capsule form or apply it topically in products like creams or powders.
Regardless of what you’re using it for, it’s best to start with the lowest possible dose. You can gradually increase how much you take once you get a better idea of how your body reacts to it.
Pycnogenol dosages in trials and studies vary widely, from 30 milligrams (mg) to 450 mg daily. But, European Food Safety Agency recommendations suggest it may be safe in dosages as high as 700 mg daily.
You should always speak with your doctor before trying a new supplement or product, particularly if you use it for any suggested health benefits. They’ll be able to guide you on safe doses and help you monitor any side effects.
Pine bark extract is a natural supplement. Some research suggests it may have certain health benefits, including improving skin appearance and helping children manage ADHD symptoms.
Pycnogenol typically doesn’t cause side effects, but you may experience an upset stomach, particularly if you usually have a sensitive stomach.
If you want to try pycnogenol, start with a low dose so you can be sure it doesn’t cause any side effects. Also, be sure to talk with your doctor first if you have an underlying medical condition or take other medications.