People have historically used raw honey to support wound healing, help digestion, and soothe a sore throat. It also contains beneficial nutrients that may provide health benefits.


People have used raw honey as a traditional remedy throughout history. Research suggests it may have various health benefits and medical uses. Some hospitals even use it as a treatment for wounds. This article covers many health benefits specific to raw or unpasteurized honey.

This article will cover the possible health benefits and risks of using raw honey, according to research.

Most of the honey you find in grocery stores is pasteurized. The high heat of pasteurization kills unwanted yeast, improves honey’s color and texture, removes any crystallization, and extends its shelf life. However, the process also destroys many of honey’s beneficial nutrients.

Compared with pasteurized products, raw honey retains its nutrients and antibacterial properties.

However, because it is unpasteurized, it can potentially carry a strain of bacteria.

Do not give honey to an infant under one year old. Both raw and pasteurized honey are unsafe for them, as they can cause botulism, a dangerous bacterial infection.

If you’re interested in trying raw honey, you might consider buying it from a trusted local producer. Here are some health benefits raw honey has to offer:

Raw honey contains an array of plant chemicals that act as antioxidants. Antioxidants help to protect your body from cell damage due to free radicals.

Free radicals are unstable atoms that contribute to the aging process and cell damage through oxidative stress, which can promote the development of chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Research suggests antioxidant compounds in raw honey called polyphenols have anti-inflammatory effects that may be beneficial in protecting against several of these conditions.

Some types of honey have as many antioxidants as fruits and vegetables.

Raw honey can also contain bee pollen and bee propolis, which may have added benefits. A 2023 review of studies suggested that raw honey may have potential protective effects on the respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems and even have potential in cancer treatment.

Raw honey’s nutrition content varies by its origin and other factors. Generally, one tablespoon or 21 grams of raw honey contains 64 calories and 17 grams of sugar. Raw honey also contains smaller amounts of the following vitamins and minerals:

  • calcium
  • magnesium
  • manganese
  • niacin
  • pantothenic acid
  • phosphorous
  • potassium
  • riboflavin
  • zinc

Raw honey also contains varying amounts of amino acids, enzymes, and other beneficial compounds.

Research also suggests raw honey’s propolis, a waxy substance made from bee saliva, beeswax, and pollinated plant material, has antifungal and antibacterial properties.

Raw honey has significant potential for both internal and topical treatments. Honey’s effectiveness as an antibacterial or antifungal varies depending on the variety, but researchers are studying some varieties for specific therapeutic uses, such as against Candida-associated infections.

Honey has antimicrobial properties. In particular, manuka and medical-grade honey can inhibit the growth of and target various bacteria strains.

Additional research from 2022 suggests that both manuka and non-manuka types of honey may have potential health benefits for microbial inhibition and wound healing.

Keep in mind that the honey used in research settings is medical grade, meaning it’s inspected and sterile. It’s not a good idea to treat cuts with honey you buy from a store. Always speak with your doctor before using honey for any medical purposes.

Phytonutrients are compounds found in plants that help protect them from harm. Some keep insects away or shield the plant from ultraviolet radiation.

The phytonutrients in honey are responsible for its antioxidant properties and antibacterial and antifungal benefits. They may also be why raw honey has shown immune-boosting and anticancer benefits. Heavy processing in regular honey can destroy these valuable nutrients.

People sometimes use honey to treat digestive issues such as diarrhea, though research on its effectiveness is limited.

Research suggests that oregano honey, in particular, may have potential as a treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria, a common cause of stomach ulcers.

Raw honey also contains beneficial prebiotics, which nourish the beneficial bacteria that live in the intestines. A healthy gut microbiome is crucial for digestion and overall health.

Honey is an old sore throat remedy that soothes the ache and can help with coughs. When a cold virus hits, add it to hot tea with lemon.

Though more research is needed, a 2021 review of studies suggested that honey could be superior to other forms of care for improving upper respiratory tract infections.

Research also suggests that the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties are effective in relieving nocturnal cough and other common cold symptoms.

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of honey may benefit many parts of the body, including brain health.

Raw honey may even have some cognitive benefits. A 2022 review of research suggests honey may:

  • support memory function
  • provide neuroprotective effects and counter the effects of oxidative stress in the brain
  • reduce the risks of metabolic syndrome, which can potentially increase the risk of neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease
  • improve mood and stress

However, additional human studies are needed to support these benefits fully.

In addition to beneficial prebiotics and nutrients, raw honey can carry harmful bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum. This is particularly dangerous for babies. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advise that honey should never be given to an infant younger than a year old.

Symptoms of botulism poisoning in infants may include:

  • constipation
  • slow breathing
  • sagging eyelids
  • absence of gagging
  • loss of head control
  • paralysis that spreads downward
  • poor feeding
  • lethargy
  • weak cry

In adults, symptoms can include an initial short period of diarrhea and vomiting, followed by constipation and more severe symptoms, such as blurred vision and muscle weakness. Speak with a doctor if you experience any of these symptoms after eating raw honey. People with suppressed or weakened immune systems may need to avoid raw honey.

You’ll also want to avoid honey if you have an allergy to honey or bee pollen.

You’ll want to look for honey that says “raw” on the label or comes from a farm that can verify that it isn’t pasteurized. Honey comes in many varieties with labels like “natural,” “organic,” and “pure,” but none of those indicate that it’s raw.

Look for a label that says “raw” specifically, and look out for added ingredients like artificial sweeteners. You can find raw honey in mainstream and organic grocery stores, health food stores, and farmer’s markets.

Honey doesn’t expire easily but can become contaminated in certain circumstances. Store honey in a tightly sealed container away from light and extreme temperatures.

After a while, your honey may start to crystallize. This is completely safe but can make it look grainy and sugary. You can warm it slightly to melt the crystals but know that higher temperatures can cook the honey, removing its raw properties and causing it to darken.

If your honey has changed color drastically or smells off, throw it out.

Does raw honey need to be refrigerated?

Raw honey does not require refrigeration. However, it’s best to avoid refrigerating honey, as this can cause it to thicken and change texture.

Raw honey is unpasteurized and contains more beneficial nutrients than pasteurized honey varieties, including compounds containing antioxidants. Raw honey may have antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and wound-healing properties.

However, because it is unpasteurized, it may also contain bacteria. People with compromised immune systems may need to avoid raw honey.

It is not safe to give honey to infants under one year old, as it can cause botulism, a dangerous bacterial infection.