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Abdominal ultrasound is an imaging procedure used to examine the internal organs of the abdomen, including the liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys. Th... More
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MRCP
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A percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTCA) is an x-ray of the bile ducts inside and outside the liver. The x-ray is taken after contrast medium (dye) is injec... More
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An abdominal CT scan is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create cross-sectional pictures of the belly area. CT stands for computed tomography. See also: C... More
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Laparoscopy describes a group of operations performed with the aid of a camera placed in the abdomen or pelvis. The laparoscope allows doctors to perform both minor... More
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During a physical examination, a health care provider studies a patient's body to determine the presence or absence of physical problems. A typical physical ex... More
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive way to take pictures of the body. Unlike x-rays and computed tomographic (CT) scans, which use radiation, MRI uses... More
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A biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue for laboratory examination. More
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A computed tomography (CT) scan is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create cross-sectional pictures of the body. See also: Cranial CT scan; Lumbosacral sp... More
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Endoscopy is a way of looking inside the body using a flexible tube that has a small camera on the end of it. This instrument is called an endoscope. More
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Ultrasound involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs and systems within the body. More
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Common tests that are used to evaluate liver function include: Albumin; Alpha-1 antitrypsin; ALP; ALT; AST; Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT; Prothrombin tim... More
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A chest x-ray is an x-ray of the chest, lungs, heart, large arteries, ribs, and diaphragm. More
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A complete blood count (CBC) test measures the following: The number of red blood cells (RBCs; The number of white blood cells (WBCs; The total amount of hemog... More
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Cytology is the examination of individual cells and small clusters of cells, and may be used for the diagnosis and screening of diseases, including cancers. Cytolog... More
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A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is an imaging test that uses a radioactive substance (called a tracer) to look for disease in the body. Unlike magnetic re... More
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Bilirubin is a yellowish pigment found in bile, a fluid produced by the liver. This article discusses the laboratory test done to measure bilirubin in the blood. To... More
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Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill bacteria, viruses, fungi, and cancer cells. Most commonly, the term is used to refer to cancer-killing drugs. This article ... More
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Radiation therapy uses high powered x-rays or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells. More
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Intravenous chemotherapy
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FLUOROURACIL, 5-FU (flure oh YOOR a sil) is a chemotherapy drug. It slows the growth of cancer cells. This medicine is used to treat many types of cancer like breas... More
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GEMCITABINE (jem SIT a been) is a chemotherapy drug. This medicine is used to treat many types of cancer like breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and ova... More
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CAPECITABINE (ka pe SITE a been) is a chemotherapy drug. It slows the growth of cancer cells. This medicine is used to treat breast cancer, and also colon or rectal... More
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The practice of acupuncture originated in China 5,000 years ago. Today it is widely used throughout the world and is one of the main pillars of Chinese medicine. Th... More
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Various forms of therapeutic superficial tissue manipulation have been practiced for thousands of years across cultures. Chinese use of massage dates to 1600 BC, an... More
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