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If you have Barrett’s esophagus, part of the lining of the esophagus near the stomach has changed. This change is caused by the acid reflux that occurs with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). The changed lining is not cancer. But it can lead to esophageal cancer later on.
When You Have GERD
GERD is stomach acid backing up into the esophagus. The esophagus is the tube that carries food and liquid from your mouth to your stomach. Acids in the stomach help break down and digest the food. Normally, the sphincter muscle keeps stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. If this muscle is weakened, GERD may occur.
Changes in the Lining
The stomach is protected from its own acid by a special lining. Stomach acid normally stays out of the esophagus. So the esophagus doesn’t need the acid-resistant lining. If acid backs up during GERD, it damages the esophagus. To protect itself, the esophagus may develop a more acid-resistant lining. This is Barrett’s esophagus. The changed lining is not normal. If the lining continues to change, it may be more likely to become cancer in the future.
Preventing Further Damage
To keep track of the changes in your esophagus, your doctor may suggest regular tests. He or she may also suggest ways for you to control GERD, such as lifestyle changes, medication, or possible surgery. This should help keep your Barrett’s from getting worse.