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Traumatic Brain Injury Health Article

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Special concerns

Unlike most other devastating neurological diseases, TBI can be prevented. Practical measures to decrease risk include wearing seatbelts, using child safety seats, wearing helmets for biking and other sports, safely storing firearms and bullets; using step-stools, grab bars, handrails, window guards, and other safety devices; making playground surfaces from shock-absorbing material; and not drinking and driving.

Because TBI follows trauma, it is often associated with injuries to other parts of the body, which require immediate and specialized care. Complications may include lung or heart dysfunction following blunt chest trauma, limb fractures, gastrointestinal dysfunction, fluid and hormonal imbalances, nerve injuries, deep vein thrombosis, excessive blood clotting, and infections.

PERIODICALS

Arzaga, D., V. Shaw, and A. T. Vasile. "Dual Diagnoses: The Person with a Spinal Cord Injury and a Concomitant Brain Injury." Spinal Cord Injury Nursing 20, no. 2 (Summer 2003): 86-92.

Bruns, J. Jr, and W. A. Hauser. "The Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review." Epilepsia 44, Supplement 10 (2003): 2-10.

Chisholm, J., and B. Bruce. "Unintentional Traumatic Brain Injury in Children: The Lived Experience." Axone 23, no. 1 (September 2001): 12-17.

Geijerstam, J. L., and M. Britton. "Mild Head Injury—Mortality and Complication Rate: Meta-analysis of Findings in a Systematic Literature Review." Acta Neurochirugica (Wien) 145, no. 10 (October 2003): 843-50.

Gunnarsson, T., and M. G. Fehlings. "Acute Neurosurgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury." Current Opinion in Neurology 16, no. 6 (December 2003): 717-23.

Krotz, M., U. Linsenmaier, K. G. Kanz, K. J. Pfeifer, W. Mutschler, and M. Reiser. "Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous CT-Controlled Ventriculostomy in Patients with Severe Head Trauma." European Radiology (November 6, 2003).

Reitan, R. M., and D. Wolfson. "The Two Faces of Mild Head Injury." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 14, no. 2 (February 1999): 191-202.

WEBSITES

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. NIH Neurological Institute. <http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/pubs/TBI.htm#research>.

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. National Institutes of Health. <http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/tbrain.asp>.

U.S. National Library of Medicine. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/articl/000028.htm>.

Clinical Trials. <http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/action/GetStudy>.

Laurie Barclay

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