Antituberculosis Drugs Health Article

Interactions

Taking cycloserine and ethionamide together may increase the risk of seizures and other nervous system problems. These and other side effects also are more likely in people who drink alcohol while taking cycloserine. To avoid these problems, do not drink alcohol while taking cycloserine and check with a physician before combining cycloserine and ethionamide.

Drinking alcohol regularly may prevent isoniazid from working properly and may increase the chance of liver damage. Anyone taking this medicine should strictly limit the use of alcohol. Check with a health care professional for advice on the amount of alcohol that may safely be used.

Many drugs may interact with isoniazid or rifampin, increasing the chance of liver damage or other side effects. Among these drugs are acetaminophen (Tylenol), birth control pills and other drugs that contain female hormones, and the antiseizure drugs divalproex (Depakote) and valproic acid (Depakene). For a complete list of drugs that may have this effect, check with a pharmacist.

Isoniazid may also decrease the effects of the anti-fungal drug ketoconazole (Nizoral) and the antituberculosis drug rifampin (Rifadin).

Rifampin may make many drugs less effective. Among the drugs that may be affected are diabetes medicines taken by mouth (oral hypoglycemics), digitalis heart drugs, many antifungal drugs, and birth control pills. Because it makes birth control pills less effective, taking rifampin may increase the chance of becoming pregnant. Women who take this medicine along with birth control pills should use an additional form of birth control. For a complete list of drugs that may be affected by rifampin, check with a pharmacist.

Using rifabutin with the antiretroviral drug zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) may make the zidovudine less effective. Consult with a physician if both drugs are prescribed.

Not every drug that may interact with an antituberculosis drug is listed here. Be sure to check with a physician or pharmacist before combining an antituberculosis drug with any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicine.

PERIODICALS

Cornwall, Janet. "Tuberculosis: A Clinical Problem of International Importance." The Lancet (August 30, 1997): 660.

Nancy Ross-Flanigan

KEY TERMS

Bacteria—Tiny, one-celled forms of life that cause many diseases and infections.

Feces—(Also called stool.) The solid waste that is left after food is digested. Feces form in the intestines and pass out of the body through the anus.

Fetus—A developing baby inside the womb.

Gout—A disease in which uric acid, a waste product that normally passes out of the body in urine, collects in the joints and the kidneys. This causes arthritis and kidney stones.

Immune system—The body's natural defenses against disease and infection.

Microorganism—An organism (life form) that is too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Platelets—Disk-shaped bodies in the blood that are important in clotting.

Seizure—A sudden attack, spasm, or convulsion.