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To rule out specific causes of amenorrhea, the doctor may order a pregnancy test in sexually active young women as well as blood tests to check the level of thyroid hormone. Based on the initial test results, the doctor may want to perform additio...
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One way to determine whether a teenager's ovaries and uterus are functioning is a "progesterone challenge test. " In this test, an amenorrheic teenager is given a dose of progesterone, either orally or as an injection.
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It may be difficult to find the cause of amenorrhea, but the exam should start with a pregnancy test; pregnancy needs to be ruled out whenever a woman's period is two to three weeks overdue. Androgen excess, estrogen deficiency, or other problems...
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During a physical examination, a health care provider studies a patient''s body to determine the presence or absence of physical problems.
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A quantitative human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) test measures the specific level of HCG in the blood. HCG is a hormone produced during pregnancy.Serial beta HCG; Repeat quantitative beta HCG; Human chorionic gonadotrophin blood test- quantitative...
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The main risk with a home pregnancy test is a false-negative result, which may be lessened by following the manufacturer''s instructions carefully and waiting at least several days after the expected menstrual period before performing the test. A f...
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Its role in the male has not been demonstrated, but in females, prolactin promotes lactation, or milk production, after childbirth.The prolactin test is used to diagnose pituitary dysfunction that might be caused by a tumor called an adenoma. In s...
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Transvaginal ultrasound is a type of pelvic ultrasound. It is used to look at a woman''s reproductive organs, including the uterus, ovaries, cervix, and vagina.
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A transvaginal ultrasound, also called transvaginal sonogram(TVS), is an ultrasound that uses an internal probe, or transducer, that enters the vaginal cavity. Either a radiology technician or physician performs the test, and a radiologist interpr...
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Transvaginal ultrasound uses a special probe that is placed directly into the vagina. This gives a clearer picture of the uterus, ovaries, and other pelvic organs. This test can be used to assess symptoms such as pain and to check for problems. In pregnant women, it is used to check the fetus.
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This type of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) test measures the specific level of HCG in the urine. HCG is a hormone produced during pregnancy.Beta-HCG- urine; Human chorionic gonadotropin- urine.As you urinate, collect a urine sample in a specia...
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The most common test of pregnancy involves the detection of a hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) in a sample of blood or urine.
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A pelvic examination is a routine procedure used to assess the well being of the female patients'' lower genito-urinary tract. This is done as part of a usual health screening and prevention tool, and is an element of the total health care for the ...
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Thyroid function tests are common tests used to tell how well your thyroid is working.
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Thyroid function tests are blood tests used to evaluate how effectively the thyroid gland is working. These tests include the thyroid-stimulating hormone test(TSH), the thyroxine test(T 4), the triiodothyronine test(T 3), the thyroxine-binding glo...
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Detailed information on the most common types of thyroid function tests Thyroid function tests are common procedures performed to determine how well the thyroid is functioning. Some of the most common thyroid function tests include the following:
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The key tests to determine thyroid function are serum measurements of free thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH). Thyroid hormones have a negative feedback on TSH secretion from the anterior pituitary.
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Thyroid function tests are blood tests used to evaluate how effectively the thyroid gland is working.These tests include the thyroid-stimulating hormone test(TSH), free and total thyroxine tests(FT 4,T 4), the free and total triiodothyronine tests...
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Hysteroscopy enables a physician to look through the vagina and neck of the uterus(cervix) to inspect the cavity of the uterus with an instrument called a hysteroscope. Hysteroscopy is used as both a diagnostic and a treatment tool.Diagnostic hyst...
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Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows your healthcare provider to see inside your uterus. Diagnostic hysteroscopy can help find the causes of problems in the uterus.
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Hysteroscopy enables a physician to look through the vagina and neck of the uterus(cervix) to inspect the cavity of the uterus with an instrument called a hysteroscope. Hysteroscopy is used as both a diagnostic and a treatment tool.Diagnostic hyst...
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Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows a physician to look through the vagina and neck of the uterus(cervix) to inspect the cavity of the uterus. A telescope-like instrument called a hysteroscope is used.
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A computed tomography(CT) scan is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create cross-sectional pictures of the body.CAT scan; Computed axial tomography scan; Computed tomography scan.You will be asked to lie on a narrow table that slides into the ...
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Computed tomography (CT) is a test that combines x-rays and computer scans. The result is a detailed picture that can show problems with soft tissues (such as the lining of your sinuses), organs (such as your kidneys or lungs), and bones.
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Detailed information on CT scan, including how the CT scan is performed and what happens after the procedure
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Detailed information on ultrafast computed tomography scans, also called ultrafast CT scan or ultrafast CAT scan, including information on how the procedure is performed
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Detailed information on computed tomography scans, also called CT scan or CAT scan, including information on how the procedure is performed
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Detailed information on ultrafast computed tomography (CT) scan, including reasons for the procedure, risks of the procedure, what to expect, and discharge instructions
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Computed tomography(CT) scanning is a valuable diagnostic tool that provides physicians with views of internal body structures. During a CT scan, multiple x rays are passed through the body, producing cross-sectional images, or"slices," on a catho...
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Computed tomography(CT), formerly referred to as computerized axial tomography(CAT), is a common diagnostic imaging procedure that uses x rays to generate images(slices) of the anatomy.Computed tomography(CT) is an x-ray imaging procedure used for...
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Computed tomography(CT) scans are completed with the use of a 360-degree x-ray beam and computer production of images. These scans allow for cross-sectional views of body organs and tissues.CT scans are used to image a wide variety of body structu...
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Computed tomography scanning, also called CT scan, CAT scan, or computerized axial tomography, is a diagnostic tool that provides views of internal body structures using x rays. In the field of mental health, a CT scan may be used when a patient s...
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Computed tomography(also known as CT, CT scan, CAT, or computerized axial tomography) scans use x rays to produce precise cross-sectional images of anatomical structures.With the development of modern computers, the scans enhanced digital capabili...
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Is there an alternative to iodine as a contrast medium in a CT scan?
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What is the difference between a pelvic CT scan and an abdominal CT scan?
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Ultrasound involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs and systems within the body.An ultrasound machine creates images that allow various organs in the body to be examined. The machine sends out high-frequency sound ...
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Ultrasonography is a diagnostic technique that involves directing high frequency sound waves at tissues in the body to generate images of anatomical structures. Ultrasonography is also called sonography, diagnostic sonography, and echocardiography...
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Detailed information on ultrasonograpy, also called sonography including information on how the procedure is performed
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Detailed information on ultrasound and the potential risks and benefits An ultrasound scan is a diagnostic technique which uses high-frequency sound
waves to create an image of the internal organs. A screening ultrasound is sometimes done during the course of a pregnancy to monitor normal fetal growth and verify the due date. Ultrasounds may be performed at various times throughout pregnancy for different reasons:
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A thyroid ultrasound, or sonogram, is a diagnostic imaging technique used to evaluate the structure of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is an endocrine gland, which means that it releases its secretions directly into the bloodstream or lymph.
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My Ob/Gyn said they found fluid in the baby's kidneys during my 20-week ultrasound, so I have to have a level 2 ultrasound done. What does this mean?
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Diagnostic medical sonography, or ultrasound, is a technique using high frequency sound to create images of specific areas of the body to diagnose various pathologies. The diagnostic medical sonographer performs examinations, records anatomic cond...
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Ultrasonography is the study of internal organs or blood vessels using high-frequency sound waves. The actual test is called an ultrasound scan or sonogram.
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Since diagnostic sonography utilizes a nonionizing form of energy, there are no known bioeffects. Thus, diagnostic sonography is applied to a large spectrum of clinical disorders, including obstetrical, gynecological, abdominal, urologic, pediatri...
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Pelvic ultrasound is a procedure where harmless, high-frequency sound waves are projected into the abdomen. These waves reflect off of the internal structures and create shadowy black and white pictures on a display screen.Ultrasound is performed ...
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Pelvic ultrasound is an imaging test that uses sound waves to form pictures of your organs. It can help assess pain or other symptoms within your pelvis. And in pregnant women, it is used to check the health of the fetus.
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Pelvic ultrasound is a procedure in which high-frequency sound waves are used to create images of the pelvic organs by projecting the sound waves into the pelvis and measuring how the sound waves reflect, or echo, back from the different tissues.U...
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A magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scan of the pelvis is a noninvasive method to create detailed pictures of the area between the hip bones. This part of the body is called the pelvic area.In women, it includes the womb(uterus), cervix, ovaries, an...
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The images can be stored on a computer or printed on film. One exam produces dozens or sometimes hundreds of images.Nuclear magnetic resonance- abdomen; NMR- abdomen; Magnetic resonance imaging- abdomen; MRI of the abdomen.You may be asked to wear...
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scanners rely on the principles of atomic nuclear-spin resonance. Using strong magnetic fields and radio waves, MRI collects and correlates deflections caused by atoms into images.
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is a noninvasive way to take pictures of the body.Unlike x-rays and computed tomographic( CT) scans, which use radiation, MRI uses powerful magnets and radio waves. The MRI scanner contains the magnet.
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Cardiac nuclear imaging is also called a "perfusion scan.” A radioactive tracer is delivered into the bloodstream. Then a camera scans the tracer in the blood as it flows through the heart muscle.
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Detailed information on magnetic resonance imaging, including how the image is performed and what happens following the procedure
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New MRI machines and new techniques result in images that show prostate cancer in much greater detail, allowing biopsies to be targeted more precisely, and thus cancer staging can be more accurate as well.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a test that lets your doctor see detailed pictures of the inside of your body. MRI combines the use of strong magnets and radio waves to form an MRI image.
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Studies have found that MRI tests used in addition to mammography detected more cancers in women at high risk for breast cancer. Women at average risk would not necessarily benefit from the additional testing.
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A Harvard Medical School physician answers your question about the safety of MRIs for those who have stents.
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When I had an MRI of my knee, I was told the test was dangerous for people who have metal devices in their bodies. Since then, I developed angina and my cardiologist put in a metal stent. If I need an MRI in the future, will I be able to get one?
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Persons with pacemakers cannot get an MRI because it conflicts with the pacemaker's function. Future pacemakers will likely be made MRI-safe, but this will probably take at least several more years.
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How safe is it for a baby who is 6 months old to have an MRI?
Claire McCarthy, M.D., is a senior medical editor for Harvard Health Publications. She is an instructor in pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, an attending physician at Children's Hospital of Boston, and co-director of the pediatrics department at Martha Eliot Health Center, a neighborhood health service of Children's Hospital. The author of two books, "Learning How the Heart Beats" and "Everyone's Children", Dr. McCarthy was a regular columnist for "Sesame Street Parents Magazine" from 1995 to 1998 and is currently a contributing editor for "Parenting Magazine".
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Is a regular MRI more accurate then an open MRI?
Diana Post, M.D., is an assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and a member of the Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
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For women at high genetic risk, adding MRI screening to mammography may improve early detection of breast cancer.
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In some cases, chemical agents such as gadolinium can be injected to improve the contrast between healthy and diseased tissue.A single MRI exposure produces a two-dimensional image of a slice through the entire target area. A series of these image...
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is a unique and versatile medical imaging modality. Doctors can obtain highly refined images of the body''s interior using MRI.
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is one of the newest diagnostic medical imaging technologies that uses strong magnets and pulses of radio waves to manipulate the natural magnetic properties in the body to generate a visible image. In the field of ...
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is the newest, and perhaps most versatile, medical imaging technology available. Doctors can get highly refined images of the body''s interior without surgery, using MRI.
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses radio waves, a magnetic field, and a computer to generate images of the anatomy.MRI is used to visualize the body to assist doctors in their efforts to diagnose certain di...
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Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is one of the newest, and perhaps most versatile, medical imaging technology available. Doctors can get highly refined images of the body''s interior without surgery using MRI.
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Detailed information on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including information on how the procedure is performed
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People with certain kinds of pacemakers or ICDs can safely undergo an MRI, as long as a series of safety precautions is carefully followed.
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Laparoscopy describes a group of operations performed with the aid of a camera placed in the abdomen.The laparoscope was first combined with a video camera in the 1980s, an accomplishment that helped free up the surgeons'' hands, so they could bett...
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Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used as a diagnostic tool and surgical procedure that is performed to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs, or the thorax, head, or neck. Tissue samples can also be collected for biopsy using laparo...
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Laparoscopy is a type of surgical procedure in which a small incision is made, usually in the navel, through which a viewing tube(laparoscope) is inserted. The viewing tube has a small camera on the eyepiece.
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A laparoscope is a telescope-like endoscope used to view the abdominal cavity for diagnosis and treatment during a minimally invasive surgical procedure called laparoscopy.A laparoscope is used to directly examine the abdominal and pelvic organs t...
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Laparoscopy is a type of surgical procedure in which a small incision is made, usually in the navel, through which a viewing tube(laparoscope) is inserted. The viewing tube has a small camera on the eyepiece.
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Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical proce dure performed to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs.
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An advantage of laparoscopic surgery is that it causes less post-operative pain than open surgery, because the incision is smaller.
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Gynecologic laparoscopy refers to a group of procedures that use a small camera to examine the female reproductive organs.Exploratory laparoscopy- gynecologic; Laparoscopic tubal ligation; Laparoscopic oophorectomy; Laparoscopic hysterectomy; Lapa...
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Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure in which a laparoscope, a telescope-like instrument, is inserted into the abdomen through a small incision and used to diagnose or treat various diseases. Specifically, laparoscopy may be used to diagnose and tr...
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