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Nicotine Addiction and Depend... : Complications

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Smoking is a major health risk associated with nicotine dependence. About half of all smokers die of a smoking-related illness, often cancer.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Lung cancer is cancer that begins in the lungs, the two organs found in the chest that help you breathe.The lungs are made up of areas called lobes. The right lung has three lobes; the left lung has two, so there''s room for the heart.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 14, 2008
Lung cancer is a malignant disease in which lung cells become abnormal, characterized by uncontrollable, unlimited growth. These cells can then invade nearby normal tissue and destroy organ structure, a process called"invasion."
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Lung cancer is a disease in which the cells of the lung tissues grow uncontrollably and form tumors. It is the leading cause of death from cancer among both men and women in the United States.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Lung cancer is a disease in which the cells of the lung tissues grow uncontrollably and form tumors. It is the leading cause of death from cancer among both men and women in the United States.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Heart disease is any disorder that affects the heart''s ability to function normally. Various forms of heart disease include:.The most common cause of heart disease is a narrowing of or blockage in the coronary arteries supplying blood to the heart...
Source:ADAM
Date:October 5, 2008
In many countries heart disease is viewed as a"second epidemic," replacing infectious diseases as the leading cause.of death. It is especially devastating in countries that do not have adequate health care.
Source:Gale Nutrition and Well-Being A to Z
Heart disease is the narrowing or blockage of the arteries and vessels that provide oxygen and nutrient-rich.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Nicotine withdrawal involves irritability, headache, and craving for cigarettes or other sources of nicotine. These symptoms occur when a nicotine-dependent individual suddenly stops smoking or using tobacco, or cuts back on the number of cigarett...
Source:ADAM
Date:June 19, 2008
A heart attack is when blood vessels that supply blood to the heart are blocked, preventing enough oxygen from getting to the heart. The heart muscle dies or becomes permanently damaged.
Source:ADAM
Date:April 23, 2009
A heart attack is the death of, or damage to, part of the heart muscle because its blood supply is severely reduced or stopped.Heart attack is the leading cause of death in the United States. Approximately every 29 seconds one American will have a...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
A heart attack is the death of, or damage to, part of the heart muscle because the supply of blood to the heart muscle is severely reduced or stopped.Heart attack is the leading cause of death in the United States. More than 1.5 million Americans ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
A myocardial infarction, or heart attack, is the death or damage of part of the heart muscle because the supply of blood to the heart muscle is severely reduced or stopped.Myocardial infarction(MI) is the leading cause of death in the United State...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Emphysema is a lung disease that, along with chronic bronchitis, represents a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Medical scientists have defined emphysema as"a condition of the lung characterized by abnormal, permanent enlargemen...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease where there is over-inflation of the air sacs(alveoli) in the lungs, causing a decrease in lung function, and often, breathlessness.Emphysema is the most common cause of death from respiratory disease in ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease in which overinflation of the alveoli or air sacs causes a decrease in respiratory function and often dyspnea.Emphysema is the most common cause of death from respiratory disease in the United States, and...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Emphysema is a progressive, incurable chronic lung condition. The air sacs(alveoli) are destroyed and oxygen uptake is restricted due to the loss of elasticity of lung tissue.As of 1998 there were an estimated two million people suffering from emp...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Pancreatic carcinoma is cancer of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer; Cancer - pancreasPancreatic cancer is slightly more common in men than in women.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 17, 2008
Pancreatic cancer is uncontrolled growth of cells of the pancreas. Spreading of cancer from the original site to other areas in the body is known as metastasis.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part I
Pancreatic cancer is uncontrolled growth of cells of the pancreas. A higher than average number of pancreatic cancer cases occurring in the same family is known as familial pancreatic cancer.Most pancreatic cancer grows from cells from the exocrin...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part II
Bladder cancer is a cancerous tumor in the bladder-- the organ that holds urine.In the United States, bladder cancers usually start from the cells lining the bladder(transitional cells).These tumors may be classified based on the way they grow:.Pa...
Source:ADAM
Date:February 12, 2009
Bladder cancer is a disease in which the cells lining the urinary bladder lose the ability to regulate their growth and start dividing uncontrollably. This abnormal growth results in a mass of cells that form a tumor.The urinary bladder is a hollo...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Bladder cancer is a disease in which the cells lining the urinary bladder lose the ability to regulate their.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Bladder cancer is a disease in which the cells lining the urinary bladder lose the ability to regulate their growth and start dividing uncontrollably. This abnormal growth results in a mass of cells that form a tumor.Bladder cancer is the fifth mo...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
A miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of a fetus before the 20th week of pregnancy.(Pregnancy losses after the 20th week are called preterm deliveries.).A miscarriage may also be called a"spontaneous abortion."
Source:ADAM
Date:February 19, 2009
A miscarriage is the loss of an embryo or fetus before the twentieth week of pregnancy. A pregnancy loss after the twentieth week is called a stillbirth.According to the December 1999 news release from the U.S. government''s National Center for Hea...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Although it may be psychologically difficult, if a woman has a miscarriage at home she should try to collect any material she passes in a clean container for analysis in a laboratory. This may help determine why the miscarriage occurred.An incompl...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
The term head and neck cancers refers to a group of cancers found in the head and neck region. This includes tumors found in:.The oral cavity(mouth): the lips, the tongue, the teeth, the gums, the lining inside the lips and cheeks, the floor of th...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
The term head and neck cancers refers to a group of cancers found in the head and neck region. This includes tumors found in:.The oral cavity(mouth).
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Renal cell carcinoma is a type of kidney cancer in which the cancerous cells are found in the lining of very small tubes(tubules) in the kidney.Renal cancer; Kidney cancer; Hypernephroma; Adenocarcinoma of renal cells; Cancer- kidney.Renal cell ca...
Source:ADAM
Date:February 12, 2009
Kidney cancer is a disease in which the cells in certain tissues of the kidney start to grow uncontrollably and form tumors. Renal cell carcinoma, sometimes referred to as hypernephroma, occurs in the cells lining the kidneys(epithelial cells).
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Kidney cancer is a disease in which the cells in certain tissues of the kidney start to grow uncontrollably and form tumors. Renal cell carcinoma, which occurs in the cells lining the kidneys(epithelial cells), is the most common type of kidney ca...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Esophageal cancer is a malignant(cancerous) tumor of the esophagus, the muscular tube that moves food from the mouth to the stomach.
Source:ADAM
Date:July 22, 2008
Esophageal cancer is a malignancy that develops in tissues of the hollow, muscular canal(esophagus) along which food and liquid travel from the throat to the stomach.Esophageal cancer usually originates in the inner layers of the lining of the eso...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Esophageal cancer is a malignancy that develops in tissues of the hollow, muscular canal(esophagus) along which food and liquid travel from the throat to the stomach.Esophageal cancer usually originates in the inner layers of the lining of the eso...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Babies with low birth weight were either born prematurely or are small for their age because their growth was restricted in the womb. Poor maternal health and nutrition may cause low birth weight.
Source:Gale Nutrition and Well-Being A to Z
An aneurysm is an abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel.It is not clear exactly what causes aneurysms. Some aneurysms are present at birth(congenital).
Source:ADAM
Date:September 13, 2008
Cerebral aneurysm is the enlargement, distention, dilation, bulging, or ballooning of the wall of a cerebral artery or vein. Aneurysms affect arteries throughout the body, including blood vessels in the brain(intracerebral aneurysm).
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Although researchers have long sought a way to prevent premature birth, an estimated 9% of infants are still born prematurely, costing the United States billions of dollars in health care expenditures annually. Neonatal intensive care costs for a ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence
A stroke is an interruption of the blood supply to any part of the brain. A stroke is sometimes called a"brain attack.".Cerebrovascular disease; CVA; Cerebral infarction; Cerebral hemorrhage; Ischemic stroke; Stroke- ischemic.Approximately every 4...
Source:ADAM
Date:September 16, 2008
The following Clinical Topic Tour provides an overview of stroke and was adapted from materials published by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Source:Elsevier
A stroke is the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow.A stroke occurs when blood flow is interrupted to part of the brain. Without blood to supply oxygen and nutrients and to remove waste products, brain cell...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Stroke is an increasing public health concern throughout the world as the leading cause of long-term disability. There is estimated to be over 3.5 million survivors of stroke in the United States.
Source:Elsevier
A stroke is an interruption of blood circulation to the brain causing a neurologic deficit reflecting the area of the brain affected. Stroke can be ischemic or hemorrhagic. 1 Ischemic stroke is most prevalent.
Source:Elsevier
A stroke is the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow.A stroke occurs when blood flow is interrupted to part of the brain. Without blood to supply oxygen and nutrients and to remove waste products, brain cell...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
There are various clinical and pathological subtypes of stroke, and identification of the subtype is necessary for correct management. Investigations Imaging Brain imaging should be performed within the first 48 hours of the onset of stroke (see below), to determine whether the stroke is haemorrhagic or ischaemic and to exclude other causes (e.g. tumour).
Source:Elsevier
Stroke, or cerebrovascular accident(CVA), is the third leading cause of death(after heart disease and cancer) in the United States and the industrialized countries of the world. The term"stroke," which comes from subjects being suddenly"struck dow...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Cerebrovascular accident(CVA) is the medical term for what is commonly termed a stroke. It refers to the injury to the brain that occurs when flow of blood to brain tissue is interrupted by a clogged or ruptured artery, causing brain tissue to die...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
A stroke, also called a cerebral infarction, is a life-threatening condition marked by a sudden disruption in the blood supply to the brain.A disruption in the blood supply to the brain starves the brain of oxygen-rich blood and causes the nerve c...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
A stroke, also called a cerebral vascular accident(CVA), is the sudden death of cells in a specific area of the brain due to inadequate blood flow.A stroke occurs when blood flow is interrupted to a part of the brain, either when an artery bursts ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Stroke is the common name for the injury to the brain that occurs when the flow of blood to brain tissue is interrupted by a clogged or burst artery. Arterial blood carries oxygen and nutrition to the cells of the body.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
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