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Hypercalcemia Learning Center

Constipation refers to infrequent or hard stools, or difficulty passing stools. Constipation may involve pain during the passage of a bowel movement, inability to pass a bowel movement after straining or pushing for more than 10 minutes, or no bow...
Source:ADAM
Date:August 22, 2008
Constipation is an acute or chronic condition in which bowel movements occur less often than usual or consist of hard, dry stools that are painful or difficult to pass. Bowel habits vary, but an adult who has not had a bowel movement in three days...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Constipation is an acute or chronic condition in which bowel movements occur less often than usual or consist of hard, dry stools that are painful or difficult to pass. Although constipation is a relative term, with normal patterns of bowel moveme...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Difficulty with producing a bowel movement, or infrequent bowel movements. Constipation, a condition that can affect the human digestive system at any stage of life, is rarely serious or chronic. Because bowel functions vary from individual to ind...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence
Constipation is an acute or chronic condition in which bowel movements occur less often than usual or consist of hard, dry stools that are painful or difficult to pass. Bowel habits vary, but an adult who has not had a bowel movement in three days...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Abdominal pain is pain that you feel anywhere between your chest and groin. This is often referred to as the stomach region or belly.
Source:ADAM
Date:October 7, 2009
Bone pain represents one of the most debilitating side effects of the metastases of high-incidence cancers such as breast, prostate, lung, and multiple myeloma (myelomatosis). Severe bone pain is frequent, reported by greater than 65% of patients ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Dementia is a loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases. It affects memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behavior. See also: Alzheimer's disease
Source:ADAM
Date:August 29, 2009
Dementia is a loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases. It affects memory, thinking, and behavior. See also: Dementia; Alzheimer disease.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 31, 2009
Dementia is a condition characterized by a progressive, irreversible decline in mental ability, accompanied by changes in behavior and personality. There is commonly a loss of memory and skills that are required to carry out activities of daily li...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
The term dementia refers to symptoms, including changes in memory, personality, and behavior, that result from a change in the functioning of the brain. These declining changes are severe enough to impair the ability of a person to perform a funct...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Dementia is not a specific disorder or disease. It is a syndrome (group of symptoms) associated with a progressive loss of memory and other intellectual functions that is serious enough to interfere with performing the tasks of daily life. Dementi...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Dementia is a loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living, lasting more than six months, not present since birth, and not associated with a loss or alteration of consciousness.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Dementia is not a specific disorder or disease. It is a syndrome (group of symptoms) associated with a progressive loss of memory and other intellectual functions that is serious enough to interfere with the tasks of daily life. Dementia can occur...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part II
Dementia is not a specific disorder or disease. It is a syndrome (group of symptoms) associated with a progressive loss of memory and other intellectual functions that is serious enough to interfere with the tasks of daily life. Dementia can occur...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part I
Dementia is a loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living, lasting more than six months, not present since birth, and not associated with a loss or alteration of consciousness.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Dementia is a condition characterized by a chronic decline in cognitive functions contrasted with a person's usual state of functioning. It is seen most often in people sixty-five years and older, and the incidence increases with age. Dementia occ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
True muscle weakness means that full effort does not produce a normal muscle contraction or movement. A voluntary muscle contraction is generated when the brain sends a signal through the spinal cord and nerves to a muscle.
Source:Healthline
Date:September 30, 2007
Weakness is a reduction in the strength of one or more muscles.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 8, 2009
Irritability is an excessive response to stimuli.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 7, 2009
Drowsiness refers to feeling abnormally sleepy during the day. People who are drowsy may fall asleep in inappropriate situations or at inappropriate times. See also: Idiopathic hypersomnia
Source:ADAM
Date:June 1, 2009
Hypersomnia refers to a set of related disorders that involve excessive daytime sleepiness.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Frequent urination means needing to urinate more often than usual. Urgent urination is a sudden, compelling urge to urinate, along with discomfort in your bladder. A frequent need to urinate at night is called nocturia. Most people can sleep for 6...
Source:ADAM
Date:May 22, 2008
Muscle atrophy is the wasting or loss of muscle tissue.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 13, 2008
Many people with cancer experience memory changes—such as mild forgetfulness, an inability to concentrate on more than one task, or more severe memory loss—after undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments. In other cases, as in a person with ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Muscle twitches are fine movements of a small area of muscle.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 13, 2008
Excessive thirst is an abnormal feeling of always needing to drink fluids.
Source:ADAM
Date:February 22, 2009
Osteomalacia is softening of the bones due to a lack of vitamin D or a problem with the body's ability to break down and use this vitamin.
Source:ADAM
Date:July 15, 2008
Osteomalacia is a disease in which insufficient mineralization leads to a softening of the bones. Usually, this is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D , which reduces bone formation by altering calcium and phosphorus metabolism . Osteomalacia can ...
Source:Gale Nutrition and Well-Being A to Z
Scoliosis is a curving of the spine. The spine curves away from the middle or sideways.
Source:ADAM
Date:September 17, 2009
Scoliosis is defined as an abnormal side-to-side or front-to-back curvature of the spine.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Scoliosis is a side-to-side curvature of the spine.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Abnormal curvature of the spine. Beginning in childhood or adolescence, scoliosis curves the spine so that the shape of the body is distorted. The disease can cause pain, deformity, and other medical problems if not properly treated. Scoliosis is ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence
Scoliosis is a side-to-side curvature of the spine of 10 degrees or greater.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part I
Scoliosis is a side-to-side curvature of the spine.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Scoliosis is a side-to-side curvature of the spine of 10 degrees or greater.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part II
Scoliosis is a side-to-side (lateral) curvature of the spine of 10 degrees or greater.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Apathy can be defined as an absence or suppression of emotion, feeling, concern or passion. Further, apathy is an indifference to things generally found to be exciting or moving.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Pain is a universal human experience. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Pain, medically termed "nociception," is a response to noxious stimuli that is conveyed to the brain by sensory neurons . The discomfort signals actual or impending injury to the body. However, pain is more than a sensation, or the physical awaren...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Pain is an unpleasant feeling that is conveyed to the brain by sensory neurons. The discomfort signals actual or potential injury to the body. However, pain is more than a sensation, or the physical awareness of pain; it also includes perception, ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Pain is an unpleasant feeling that is conveyed to the brain by sensory neurons. The discomfort signals actual or potential injury to the body. However, pain is more than a sensation, or the physical awareness of pain; it also includes perception, ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Pain is an unpleasant feeling that is conveyed to the brain by nerves in the body.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Nausea is the sensation of having an urge to vomit. Vomiting is forcing the contents of the stomach up through the esophagus and out of the mouth.
Source:ADAM
Date:October 20, 2009
Nausea is the sensation of having a queasy stomach or being about to vomit. Vomiting , or emesis, is the expelling of undigested food through the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Vomiting is the forceful discharge of stomach contents through the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Depression may be described as feeling sad, blue, unhappy, miserable, or down in the dumps. Most of us feel this way at one time or another for short periods. True clinical depression is a mood disorder in which feelings of sadness, loss, anger, o...
Source:ADAM
Date:January 20, 2009
Depression, also known as depressive disorders or unipolar depression, is a mental illness characterized by a profound and persistent feeling of sadness or despair and/or a loss of interest in things that once were pleasurable. Disturbance in slee...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Fatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 3, 2009
Fatigue is physical and/or mental exhaustion that can be triggered by stress , medication, overwork, or mental and physical illness or disease.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Fatigue may be defined as a subjective state in which one feels tired or exhausted, and in which the capacity for normal work or activity is reduced. There is, however, no commonly accepted definition of fatigue when it is considered in the contex...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Fatigue may be defined as a subjective state in which one feels tired or exhausted, and in which the capacity for normal work or activity is reduced. There is, however, no commonly accepted definition of fatigue when it is considered in the contex...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Fatigue is physical and/or mental exhaustion that can be triggered by stress , medication, overwork, or mental and physical illness or disease.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Fatigue is a feeling of exhaustion or loss of strength. The duration of fatigue for a patient with cancer has been found to last from one to two times the length of time between diagnosis and completion of treatment, so it is common for fatigue to...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Coma, from the Greek word "koma," meaning deep sleep, is a state of extreme unresponsiveness, in which an individual exhibits no voluntary movement or behavior. Furthermore, in a deep coma, even painful stimuli (actions which, when performed on a ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Coma, from the Greek word koma , meaning deep sleep, is a state of extreme unresponsiveness, in which an individual exhibits no voluntary movement or behavior. Furthermore, in a deep coma, even painful stimuli (actions which, when performed on a h...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Anorexia is characterized by a loss of appetite or lack of desire to eat.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Memory loss (amnesia) is unusual forgetfulness.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 13, 2008
Memory loss can be partial or total. Most memory loss occurs as part of the normal aging process. However, memory loss may also occur as a result of severe emotional trauma or due to brain damage following disease or physical trauma. Memory loss c...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Amnesia refers to the loss of memory. Memory loss may result from two-sided (bilateral) damage to parts of Memory loss may result from bilateral damage to the limbic system of the brain responsible for memory storage, processing, and recall. (Illu...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Flank pain refers to pain in one side of the body between the upper abdomen and the back.
Source:ADAM
Date:February 19, 2009
Unconsciousness is when a person is unable to respond to people and activities. Often, this is called a coma or being in a comatose state. Other changes in awareness can occur without becoming unconscious. Medically, these are called "altered ment...
Source:ADAM
Date:July 8, 2009
Depression is sometimes referred to as the common cold of mental illness. It is a debilitating disease with significant societal costs. It is, however, one of the most clearly defined and treatable of mental illnesses. Technically, the term "depre...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Everybody feels sad sometimes, but to be clinically depressed is not just a matter of feeling sad. A patient with cancer is diagnosed as having major depression only if certain symptoms, such as loss of pleasure or thoughts of death, are present f...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
An emotional state or mood characterized by one or more of these symptoms: sad mood, low energy, poor concentration, sleep or appetite changes, feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness, and thoughts of suicide. Until recently, it was thought that...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence
Depression is the general name for a family of illnesses known as depressive disorders. Depression is an illness that affects not only the mood and thoughts, but also the physical functions of affected individuals. Depressive disorders usually res...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part I
Depression and depressive disorders (unipolar depression) are mental illnesses characterized by a profound and persistent feeling of sadness or despair and/or a loss of interest in things that once were pleasurable. Disturbance in sleep , appetite...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Depression is the general name for a family of illnesses known as depressive disorders. Depression is an illness that affects not only the mood and thoughts, but also the physical functions of affected individuals. Depressive disorders usually res...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part II
Depression or depressive disorders (unipolar depression) are mental illnesses characterized by a profound and persistent feeling of sadness or despair and/or a loss of interest in things that were once pleasurable. Disturbance in sleep, appetite, ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Depression or depressive disorders (unipolar depression) are mental illnesses characterized by a profound and persistent feeling of sadness or despair and/or a loss of interest in things that were once pleasurable. Disturbance in sleep, appetite, ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
A depressive disorder is defined by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) as an illness that involves the body, mood and thoughts. It encompasses feelings of overwhelming sadness and despair that persist or intensify over time.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Skeletal limb abnormalities refer to a variety of bone structure problems in the arms or legs (limbs.
Source:ADAM
Date:March 14, 2009
Problem behavior is often associated with adolescence but may manifest in the very young or in adults. Delinquency, drug use, academic failure, risky sexual behavior, violence, property damage, vandalism and disregard of the rights of others are all problem behaviors.
Source:Healthline
Date:November 30, 2007
Bowel movements normally occur at approximately the same time each day. The feces (stool) itself should be soft enough that it can be passed without straining.
Source:Healthline
Date:September 30, 2007
The spine is a shaft comprised of over 25 small bones called vertebrae that support the upper body. The cervical spine (C-spine) is the upper portion, comprised of 7 vertebrae.
Source:Healthline
Date:December 31, 2007
Excessive urination at night is a condition in which you wake up several times during the night to urinate. Waking up several times a night to urinate is called nocturia.
Source:ADAM
Date:September 30, 2009
Nausea and vomiting are recognized as two separate and distinct conditions. Nausea is the subjective, unpleasant feeling or urge to vomit, which may or may not result in vomiting. Vomiting is the forceful expelling of the contents of the stomach a...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Nausea is the sensation of being about to vomit. Vomiting, or emesis, is the expelling of undigested food through the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Nausea is the sensation of being about to vomit. Vomiting, or emesis, is the expelling from the stomach of undigested food through the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Blood in your urine, or hematuria, can be classified as microscopic or gross. Microscopic hematuria is when there is very little blood in the urine and it can only be seen with a microscope; Gross hematuria is when there is enough blood in the uri...
Source:ADAM
Date:September 30, 2009
Excessive volume of urination means that you release abnormally large amounts of urine each day. The medical term for this condition is polyuria.
Source:ADAM
Date:September 30, 2009
A seizure is the physical findings or changes in behavior that occur after an episode of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. See also: Generalized tonic clonic seizure; Partial (focal) seizure; Petit mal (absence) seizure; Epilepsy; Fever (...
Source:ADAM
Date:March 29, 2009
A seizure is a sudden change in behavior characterized by changes in sensory perception (sense of feeling) or motor activity (movement) due to an abnormal firing of nerve cells in the brain. Epilepsy is a condition characterized by recurrent seizu...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
A seizure is a sudden change in behavior characterized by changes in sensory perception (sense of feeling) or motor activity (movement) due to an abnormal firing of nerve cells in the brain . Epilepsy is a condition characterized by recurrent seiz...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
A temporary series of uncontrollable muscle spasms brought on by unusual electrical activity in the brain. Also known as convulsion, clonic seizure, or tonic-clonic seizure. A seizure is characterized by a sudden episode of un- controllable brain ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence
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