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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Learning Center

The symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of infections that do not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. These are called opportunistic infections.
Source:ADAM
Date:May 30, 2009
Because HIV destroys immune system cells, AIDS is a disease that can affect any of the body's major organ systems. HIV attacks the body through three disease processes: immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and nervous system dysfunction. Immunodeficien...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
The cause of primary AIDS is infection with the HIV virus, transmitted via infected blood or body fluids. Methods of transmission of the virus include unprotected sex, especially anal intercourse; occupational needle stick or body fluid splash, wh...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Because HIV destroys immune system cells, AIDS is a disease that can affect any of the body's major organ systems. HIV attacks the body through three disease processes: immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and nervous system dysfunction. Immunodeficien...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Almost all symptoms of AIDS can occur with other diseases. The general physical examination may range from normal findings to symptoms that are closely associated with AIDS. These symptoms are hairy leukoplakia of the tongue and Kaposi's sarcoma. ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Question: Why does it get harder to lose weight with age? Answer: One must burn more calories than one takes in to lose weight at any age. This can be done either with caloric restriction or with exercise. Although metabolism slows down somewhat a...
Source:ADAM
Date:August 1, 2009
Weight loss is a reduction in body mass characterized by a loss of adipose tissue (body fat) and skeletal muscle.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Lymph nodes are found throughout your body. They are an important part of your immune system. Lymph nodes help your body recognize and fight germs, infections, and other foreign substances. The term "swollen glands" refers to enlargement of one or...
Source:ADAM
Date:April 14, 2009
Clammy skin is cool, moist, and usually pale.
Source:ADAM
Date:January 16, 2009
Unintentional weight loss is a decrease in body weight that is not voluntary. In other words, you did not try to loss the weight by dieting or exercising. See: Intentional weight loss
Source:ADAM
Date:February 22, 2009
Various types of sores can appear anywhere within the mouth, including the inner cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, or palate.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 15, 2009
Pain is a universal human experience. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Pain, medically termed "nociception," is a response to noxious stimuli that is conveyed to the brain by sensory neurons . The discomfort signals actual or impending injury to the body. However, pain is more than a sensation, or the physical awaren...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Pain is an unpleasant feeling that is conveyed to the brain by sensory neurons. The discomfort signals actual or potential injury to the body. However, pain is more than a sensation, or the physical awareness of pain; it also includes perception, ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Pain is an unpleasant feeling that is conveyed to the brain by sensory neurons. The discomfort signals actual or potential injury to the body. However, pain is more than a sensation, or the physical awareness of pain; it also includes perception, ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Pain is an unpleasant feeling that is conveyed to the brain by nerves in the body.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Fever is the temporary increase in the body's temperature, in response to some disease or illness. A child has a fever when their temperature is at or above one of these levels: 100.4 F (38 C) measured in the bottom (rectally; 99.5 F(37.5 C) measu...
Source:ADAM
Date:December 1, 2009
A fever is any body temperature elevation over 100.4°F (38°C).
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Fever is defined as an abnormally high body temperature or a regulated rise to a new set point of body temperature. While a body temperature above 100°F(37.8°C) is considered to be a fever by some clinicians, a significant fever is usually defined...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
A fever is any body temperature elevation over 100°F (37.8°C).
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
An elevated body temperature. While the standard for normal body temperature is 98.6°F (37°C), normal body temperatures actually fluctuate within a range of one to two degrees, making it impossible to formulate a precise definition of fever based ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence
Normal body temperature varies somewhat from one individual to another but displays a general range and pattern around the "normal" temperature of 98.6°F. Early morning body temperature may be as low as 97°F, and as high as 99.3°F in the afternoon...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Hyperthermia involves raising the body's core temperature as a means of eradicating tumors. The treatment simulates fever . Some therapies actually bring on fever through the introduction of fever-causing organisms, while others raise body tempera...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Hyperthermia is the use of therapeutic heat to treat various cancers on and inside the body.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
A headache is pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck. Serious causes of headaches are extremely rare. Most people with headaches can feel much better by making lifestyle changes, learning ways to relax, and occasionally by taking medicatio...
Source:ADAM
Date:October 27, 2009
A headache is a pain in the head and neck region that may be either a disorder in its own right or a symptom HEADACHE THERAPIES Description Type Acupressure Press pointer fingers beneath cheekbones and parallel to pupils (Stomach 3) for one minute...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
A headache involves pain in the head which can arise from many disorders or may be a disorder in and of itself.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
A headache involves pain in the head that can arise from many disorders or may be a disorder in and of itself.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Headache is a pain in the head and neck region that may be either a disorder in its own right or a symptom of an underlying medical condition or disease. The medical term for headache is cephalalgia. Headaches are one of the most common and univer...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Fatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 3, 2009
Fatigue is physical and/or mental exhaustion that can be triggered by stress , medication, overwork, or mental and physical illness or disease.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Fatigue may be defined as a subjective state in which one feels tired or exhausted, and in which the capacity for normal work or activity is reduced. There is, however, no commonly accepted definition of fatigue when it is considered in the contex...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Fatigue may be defined as a subjective state in which one feels tired or exhausted, and in which the capacity for normal work or activity is reduced. There is, however, no commonly accepted definition of fatigue when it is considered in the contex...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders
Fatigue is physical and/or mental exhaustion that can be triggered by stress , medication, overwork, or mental and physical illness or disease.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Fatigue is a feeling of exhaustion or loss of strength. The duration of fatigue for a patient with cancer has been found to last from one to two times the length of time between diagnosis and completion of treatment, so it is common for fatigue to...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Weakness is a reduction in the strength of one or more muscles.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 8, 2009
Joint pain can affect one or more joints. See also: Arthritis (inflammation of joints; Bursitis; Muscle pain.
Source:ADAM
Date:April 24, 2008
Muscle aches and pains are common and can involve more than one muscle. Muscle pain also can involve ligaments, tendons, and fascia, the soft tissues that connect muscles, bones, and organs. See also: Muscle cramps; Joint pain.
Source:ADAM
Date:May 2, 2009
Chills refers to feeling cold after an exposure to a cold environment. The word can also refer to an episode of shivering, accompanied by paleness and feeling cold.
Source:ADAM
Date:February 22, 2009
Chills is the common name for a feeling of coldness accompanied by shivering and possibly fever .
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Malaise is a generalized feeling of discomfort, illness, or lack of well-being.
Source:ADAM
Date:February 22, 2009
Night sweats can be a side effect of cancer treatment or a symptom of certain cancers. Night sweats are part of a variety of symptoms referred to as vasomotor. Vasomotor symptoms stem from the body's thermoregulatory center, which is affected by c...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Mouth ulcers are sores or open lesions in the mouth. (See also mouth sores or canker sores)
Source:ADAM
Date:February 1, 2009
Inflammation of the mucous lining of any of the structures in the mouth, which may involve the cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, and roof or floor of the mouth. The word "stomatitis" literally means inflammation of the mouth. The inflammation can be cau...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. It may involve the cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, and roof or floor of the mouth. The inflammation may be caused by conditions within the mouth itself, such as poor oral hygiene and ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth, which may involve the cheeks, gums, tongue, lips, and roof or floor of the mouth. The word "stomatitis" literally means inflammation of the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Stomatitis describes an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. This condition, frequently referred to as mucositis , can result from cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy . It is characterized by mouth ulcers or ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Muscle atrophy is the wasting or loss of muscle tissue.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 13, 2008
Total blindness is the inability to tell light from dark, or the total inability to see. Visual impairment or low vision is a severe reduction in vision that can't be corrected with standard glasses or contact lenses and reduces a person's ability...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Visual disturbances are abnormalities of sight. Visual disturbances associated with neurological disorders often include double vision (diplopia), moving or blurred vision due to nystagmus (involuntary rapid movements of the eyes), reduced visual ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
Moist skin is an indication that the body is sweating (perspiring). Perspiration is the release of liquid from the sweat glands of the body, a normal body function to help the body stay cool.
Source:Healthline
Date:September 30, 2007
A generalized tonic-clonic seizure is a seizure involving the entire body. It is also called a grand mal seizure. Such seizures usually involve muscle rigidity, violent muscle contractions, and loss of consciousness. Generalized tonic-clonic seizu...
Source:ADAM
Date:March 28, 2009
Hazy vision, cloudy vision, blurred vision are all problems with seeing clearly. Any change in your normal vision is cause for concern and is a good reason to call a doctor for an examination.
Source:Healthline
Date:September 30, 2007
Decreased consciousness is reduced alertness or awareness.
Source:ADAM
Date:April 21, 2009
Sometimes a person feels hot to touch due to illness or environmental situation that causes elevated core temperature. A compounding factor can be dehydration (lack of fluids.
Source:Healthline
Aversion to food and drink can be a temporary response to a benign illness, as with the common cold, or a response to a complex interaction of physical, mental and behavioral issues. While it is normal to experience a loss of appetite with certain conditions, when aversion to food and drink results in significant weight loss and nutritional deficits, it is important to seek medical advice.
Source:Healthline
Date:October 31, 2007
Nausea is the sensation of having an urge to vomit. Vomiting is forcing the contents of the stomach up through the esophagus and out of the mouth.
Source:ADAM
Date:October 20, 2009
Nausea and vomiting are recognized as two separate and distinct conditions. Nausea is the subjective, unpleasant feeling or urge to vomit, which may or may not result in vomiting. Vomiting is the forceful expelling of the contents of the stomach a...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Nausea is the sensation of being about to vomit. Vomiting, or emesis, is the expelling from the stomach of undigested food through the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Nausea is the sensation of being about to vomit. Vomiting, or emesis, is the expelling of undigested food through the mouth.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
A sore throat is discomfort, pain, or scratchiness in the throat. A sore throat often makes it painful to swallow.
Source:ADAM
Date:November 30, 2009
Sore throat is an upper respiratory infection that may be caused by inflammation of the pharynx, larynx, or tonsils. Thus, it is a symptom of many conditions, but most often is associated with common cold or influenza . Sore throat may be caused b...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
Sore throat, also called pharyngitis, is a painful inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the pharynx. It is a symptom of many conditions, but most often is associated with colds or influenza . Sore throat may be caused by either viral or bac...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Sore throat is a painful inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the pharynx.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Sore throat, also called pharyngitis, is a painful inflammation of the back of the throat. It is a symptom of many conditions, but most often is associated with colds or influenza . Sore throat may be caused by either viral or bacterial infections...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Anorexia is characterized by a loss of appetite or lack of desire to eat.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Cancer
Rashes involve changes in the color or texture of your skin.
Source:ADAM
Date:August 8, 2009
The popular term for a group of spots or red, inflamed skin that is usually a symptom of an underlying condition or disorder. Often temporary, a rash is only rarely a sign of a serious problem.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
The popular term for a group of spots or red, inflamed skin that is usually a symptom of an underlying condition or disorder. Often temporary, a rash is only rarely a sign of a serious problem.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Rash is a popular term for a group of spots or an area of red, inflamed skin. A rash is usually a symptom of an underlying condition or disorder. Often only temporary, a rash is rarely a sign of a serious problem.
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Diarrhea is loose, watery, and frequent stool. Diarrhea is considered chronic (long-term) when you have had loose or frequent stools for more than 4 weeks.
Source:ADAM
Date:February 19, 2009
To most persons, diarrhea means an increased frequency or softer consistency of bowel movements; however, the medical definition is more exact than this. Diarrhea best correlates with an increase in stool weight; stool weights above 300 g per day ...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
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