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Defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as diseases "of an infectious or toxic nature caused by, or thought to be caused by, the consumption of food or water," food-borne diseases are an important cause of morbidity and economic loss worldw...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Food poisoning is a general term for health problems arising from eating food contaminated by viruses, chemicals, or bacterial toxins. Types of food poisoning include bacterial food poisoning, shellfish poisoning, and mushroom poisoning. The medic...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine
Food poisoning refers to illness arising from eating contaminated food. Food may be contaminated by bacteria, viruses, environmental toxins, or toxins present within the food itself, such as the poisons in some mushrooms or seafood. Symptoms of fo...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Salmonella food poisoning is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation (swelling) of the lining of the stomach and intestines ( gastroenteritis ). The causative bacteria is called Salmonella . While domestic and wild animals, including poultr...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health
Food poisoning is a general term for health problems arising from eating contaminated food. Food may be contaminated by bacteria, viruses, environmental toxins, or toxins present within the food itself, such as the poisons in some mushrooms or cer...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Salmonella food poisoning is a bacterial food poisoning caused by the Salmonella bacterium. It results in the swelling of the lining of the stomach and intestines ( gastroenteritis ). While domestic and wild animals, including poultry, pigs, cattl...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine
Food poisoning is a general term for health problems arising from eating contaminated food. Food may be contaminated by bacteria , viruses , environmental toxins, or toxins present within the food itself, such as the poisons in some mushrooms. Sym...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health
One of the many luxuries Americans enjoy is access to the safest and most abundant food supply in the world. This stems from many advances and improvements in food safety, sanitation, and crop production that reduce the chance of food-safety probl...
Source:Gale Nutrition and Well-Being A to Z
Groundwater can be defined as any body of water that is contained in underground waterways known as aquifers. Because groundwater flows through compressed gravel and soil deposits, it flows very slowly. John Cary Stewart, in Drinking Water Hazards...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Charles-Edward Amory Winslow (1877–1957) was a seminal figure in public health, not only in his own country, the United States, but in the wider Western world. His vision and intellectual leadership enabled him, more than anyone else, to influence...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
During the 1960s, the Cuyahoga River in Ohio caught fire, Lake Erie was so polluted it was said to be dying, and human sewage and pollution commonly killed fish in the nation's rivers and streams. Public concern grew so overwhelming that the Unite...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
Disinfection is the most important step in the water treatment process to destroy pathogenic bacteria and other harmful agents. Because chlorination is a very common and effective method for such disinfection, most drinking water is treated with c...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
In the United States, the rate of consumption of drinking water is almost 100 gallons per person per day. Only a small portion of the "drinking water" supplied by public water systems is actually used for drinking; other uses include toilet flushi...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
The term "pollution," which carries with it a sense of an impurity, can be defined as a chemical or physical agent in an inappropriate location or concentration. The sources of pollution are varied. Natural sources include those that are not direc...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
"Water quality" is a technical term that is based upon the characteristics of water in relation to guideline values of what is suitable for human consumption and for all usual domestic purposes, including personal hygiene. Components of water qual...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
The goal of water treatment is to reduce or remove all contaminants that are present in the water. No water, irrespective of the original source, should be assumed to be completely free of contaminants. The most common process used for treatment o...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
An adult human needs to drink at least 1.5 liters of water a day to replace fluid lost in urine, sweat, and respired air and to perform essential biochemical functions. Moreover, almost 90 percent of body mass is water. Water, however, can also ca...
Source:Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health
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