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Exposure to radiation
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Exposure to chemical pollution, occupational
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Turcot syndrome
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A head injury is any trauma that leads to injury of the scalp, skull, or brain. The injuries can range from a minor bump on the skull to serious brain injury. Head injury is classified as either closed or open (penetrating. A closed head injury me...
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Detailed information on head injury, including causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, and treatment
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Head trauma can be fatal. The effects from some types of head trauma may not appear right away. So it's important to get medical attention for any head injury.
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Detailed information on head injury, including causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, and treatment
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Detailed information on head injury, including causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, and treatment
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Detailed information on superficial injuries to the face and head In the course of a child's day, minor injuries may occur during play and sports activities. The face and head are especially at risk for cuts, scrapes, and lacerations because:
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A strong blow to the head may cause swelling and bleeding inside the skull. The resulting pressure can injure the brain (concussion). If you have any doubts identifying a concussion, have a healthcare provider check the victim.
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My 4-month-old was hit in the head. It did not cause a big bruise, but then two hours after the incident he threw up twice. In this case should an infant be watched or taken to the emergency room?
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Children hit their heads frequently. Most of the time, the injury is minor, usually involving only the scalp, and nothing needs to be done. Sometimes, the injury is more serious, involving the skull and/or brain inside, and medical attention is required.
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Injury to the head may damage the scalp, skull or brain. The most important consequence of head trauma is traumatic brain injury. Head injury may occur either as a closed head injury, such as the head hitting a car's windshield, or as a penetratin...
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Natural hormone replacement therapy (NHRT) is the use of non-synthetic, bio-identical hormones (estrogens, progesterone, and/or testosterone), derived from plants), to treat hormone imbalances and deficiencies. The first oral contraceptive pill wa...
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Hormone therapy (HT) is a medical treatment with a medication containing one or more female hormones, commonly estrogen plus progestin (synthetic progesterone), and sometimes testosterone. Some women, usually those who have had their uterus remove...
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Hormone therapy (HT) increases your levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone. This will help reduce signs of menopause. HT may also help prevent osteoporosis in some women. But HT may increase risk for certain conditions, including heart disease and stroke.
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Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the use of synthetic or natural female hormones to make up for the decline or lack of natural hormones produced in a woman's body. HRT is sometimes referred to as estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), because the...
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Detailed information on hormone replacement therapy, including the controversy over its use
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Is HRT right for you? That's up to you and your healthcare provider. Your healthcare provider will review your health needs. Then he or she will suggest steps you can take to control any symptoms or health risks. HRT may be one part of your overall program.
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Detailed information on hormone replacement therapy, including the controversy over its use
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Menopause is a natural stage of life for women. It occurs when the ovaries stop making the hormones progesterone and estrogen. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can make up for some of this loss. You may get estrogen alone if you no longer have a uterus. Or if you still have a uterus you may get HRT as a combination of estrogen and progesterone if you still have a uterus. Some women take HRT to ease side effects of menopause. These may include hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness. Others have taken it to reduce certain health risks linked with menopause. HRT has been available for more than 60 years. Still, much controversy surrounds its health risks and benefits.
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A Harvard Medical School professor and prostate disease expert discusses the benefits and risks of testosterone-replacement therapy, including misconceptions about whether this treatment increases the risk of prostate cancer.
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Women often perceive heart disease as an older person's disease that need not concern them until menopause.
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What is the oldest age a woman can still take low-dose birth control pills as a form of HRT if no problems exist?
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Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is an inherited condition characterized by tumors that arise in multiple locations in the body. Some of these tumors cause cancer and some do not. Many of the tumors seen in VHL are vascular, meaning that they have...
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Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is a hereditary condition that involves cancer and can affect people of all ages. It was named after the physicians to first describe aspects of the condition in the early 1900s, German ophthalmologist Eugen von Hip...
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Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is a rare familial cancer syndrome. A person with VHL can develop both benign and malignant tumors and cysts in many different organs in the body. Tumors and cysts most commonly develop in the brain and spine, eyes,...
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Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is an inherited condition characterized by tumors that arise in multiple locations in the body. Some of these tumors cause cancer and some do not. Many of the tumors seen in VHL are vascular, meaning that they have...
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Basal cell nevus syndrome is a group of defects, passed down through families, that involve the skin, nervous system, eyes, endocrine glands, and bones. The condition causes an unusual facial appearance and a higher risk of skin cancers.
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Detailed information on the genetics of basal cell nevus syndrome, also called Gorlin syndrome or nevoid basal cell carcinoma
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Neurofibromatosis (NF), or von Recklinghausen disease, is a disorder which causes development of multiple soft tumors (neurofibromas). These tumors occur under the skin and throughout the nervous system (cells which control body movement and sensa...
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Von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis is also called von Recklinghausen disease or simply neurofibromatosis (NF). It is an automsomal dominant hereditary disorder. NF is the most common neurological disorder caused by a single gene. Patients deve...
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Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a genetic disease in which multiple soft tumors (neurofibromas) develop under the skin and throughout the nervous system. Various sized tumors may grow on the nerves in or leading away from the brain and spinal cord (peri...
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Neurofibromatosis (NF), or von Recklinghausen disease, is a disorder which causes development of multiple soft tumors (neurofibromas). These tumors occur under the skin and throughout the nervous system (cells which control body movement and sensa...
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Neurofibromatosis (NF), or von Recklinghausen disease, is a genetic disease in which patients develop multiple soft tumors (neurofibromas). These tumors occur under the skin and throughout the nervous system.
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Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a genetic condition in which fleshy tumors called neurofibromas grow throughout the body. Neurofibromatosis was first written up in the medical literature in 1882 by a German physician, Dr. Friedrich Daniel von Recklingha...
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Mononucleosis is a viral infection causing fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands, especially in the neck. See also: Infectious mononucleosis (acute CMV infection)
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Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary condition in which individuals have an increased risk for developing certain kinds of tumors. The characteristic tumors of LFS are adrenocortical carcinoma, breast cancer , brain cancer , leukemia, and sa...
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Detailed information on Li-Fraumeni syndrome, including causes of the disorder The risk for breast cancer and many other forms of cancer is increased with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), a genetic autosomal dominant cancer syndrome. A diagnosis of LFS is made when all of the following characteristics are present in a family:
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Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary condition in which individuals have an increased risk for developing certain kinds of tumors. The characteristic tumors of LFS are adrenocortical carcinoma, breast cancer , brain cancer, leukemia and sarc...
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Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a genetic disorder caused by a hereditary mutation in a cancer susceptibility gene. Individuals with LFS have an increased risk for developing certain types of cancer, often at younger ages than is typically observed ...
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Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosome disorder in males. People with this condition are born with at least one extra X chromosome.
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Klinefelter syndrome is the presence of an extra X chromosome in a male.
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Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosome disorder in males. People with this condition are born with at least one extra X chromosome.
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Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosome disorder in males that results in hypogonadism (small penis and small firm testicles). People with this condition are born with at least one extra X chromosome.
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Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosome disorder in males. People with this condition are born with at least one extra X chromosome.
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A condition affecting males that is caused by the presence of extra X chromosomes. Klinefelter's syndrome, also known as primary micro-orchidism, affects males only. A normal male has one pair of sex chromosomes made up of one X and one Y. In Klin...
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