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Drug Interactions
Specific Drugs
| Drug | Interaction | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Antidepressants, tricyclic | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Carbamazepine | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Chlorpropamide | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Clofibrate | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Demeclocycline | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Epinephrine | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Fludrocortisone | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Heparin | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Lithium | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Norepinephrine | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Drugs blocking antidiuretic effect | May block the antidiuretic activity of vasopressin in varying degrees | |
| Drugs potentiating antidiuretic effect | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Ganglionic blocking agents | Ganglionic blocking agents may produce a marked increase in sensitivity to the hormone’s pressor effects | |
| Phenformin | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin | |
| Urea | May potentiate the antidiuretic response to vasopressin |
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Destroyed by trypsin which is found in the GI tract and, therefore, must be administered parenterally or intranasally.
Absorption of vasopressin through the nasal mucosa is relatively poor.
Duration
Sub-Q or IM, antidiuretic activity: Variable but effects are usually maintained for 2–8 hours.
Plasma Concentrations
Urine isotonicity is maintained when plasma concentrations of vasopressin are approximately 1 microunit/mL, while plasma concentrations of 4.5–6 microunits/mL produce maximum concentration of urine.
Distribution
Extent
Distributed throughout the extracellular fluid.
Plasma Protein Binding
No evidence of plasma protein binding.
Elimination
Metabolism
The majority of a dose is rapidly destroyed in the liver and kidneys.
Elimination Route
Sub-Q: Approximately 5% of a dose is excreted in urine unchanged after 4 hours.
IV: 5–15% of the total dosage appears in urine.
Half-life
About 10–20 minutes.
Special Populations
Oxytocinase, a circulating enzyme produced early in pregnancy, is capable of cleaving the polypeptide; otherwise, plasma inactivation of vasopressin is negligible.
Stability
Storage
Parenteral
Injection
Store between 15–25°C (59° and 77°F); do not freeze.
Compatibility
Drug Compatibility
| Compatible |
|---|
| Verapamil HCl |
| Compatible |
|---|
| Amiodarone HCl |
| Argatroban |
| Diltiazem HCl |
| Dobutamine HCl |
| Dopamine HCl |
| Drotrecogin alfa (activated) |
| Epinephrine HCl |
| Heparin sodium |
| Lidocaine HCl |
| Milrinone lactate |
| Nitroglycerin |
| Norepinephrine bitartrate |
| Pantoprazole sodium |
| Phenylephrine HCl |
| Procainamide HCl |
| Evaluated by pushing vasopressin through a Y-site over 5 seconds |
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