Vernal conjunctivitis Health Article

Definition

Vernal conjunctivitis is a seasonal inflammation of the outer lining of the eyes, which is thought to be due to an allergic reaction.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

Vernal conjunctivitis is thought to be caused by allergic reactions. Often, it occurs in people with a strong family history of allergies. It is most common during the spring and summer.

The condition is characterized by itchy, watery eyes. The underside of the eyelids may become rough and covered with bumps and a whitish mucus. Tissue around the cornea where the white of the eye and the cornea meet (limbus) may become rough and swollen. If this swelling and roughness moves over the cornea, it may cause scarring and decreased vision.

Symptoms

• Itching eyes
• Burning eyes
• Watering eyes
• Discomfort in bright light (photophobia)

Signs and tests

The health care provider will perform an eye exam.

Treatment

Avoid rubbing the eyes, as this further irritates them. Cold compresses (a clean cloth soaked in cold water and then placed over the eyes) may be soothing. Topical corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce the inflammation. Cromolyn sodium or antihistamine drops may also be prescribed.

Expectations (prognosis)

The condition is persistent, worsening during certain seasons of the year. Treatment may provide relief.

Complications

• Scarring of cornea
• Reduced vision
• Persistent discomfort

Calling your health care provider

Call your health care provider if symptoms persist or worsen.

Prevention

Use of air conditioning or moving to a cooler climate may help to prevent the problem from getting worse in the future.