Shin splints Health Article

Definition

Shin splints are pains in the front of the lower legs caused by exercise. They usually appear after a period of inactivity.

Alternative Names

Lower leg pain; Pain - shins; Anterior tibia pain

Common Causes

Shin splints can be caused by any of four types of problems, which are only occasionally serious.

Tibial shin splints are very common. They can affect both recreational and trained athletes, including runners. There are two types of tibial shin splints: tibial periostitis and posterior tibial shin splints. In tibial periostitis the bone itself is tender.

Anterior compartment syndrome affects the outer side of the front of the leg.

Stress fractures usually cause sharp pain and tenderness 1 or 2 inches below the knee. A stress fracture is likely to occur 2 or 3 weeks into a new training program or after beginning a harder training program.

Home Care

Most shin splints can be treated with rest.

Healing from posterior tibial and tibial periostitis shin splints usually involves a week of rest. Use ice for 20 minutes, twice a day. Over-the-counter pain medications will also help. Do not start running again for another 2 - 4 weeks.

For anterior compartment syndrome, pain will usually go away as the muscles gradually get used to the intense exercise. Complete rest is probably not necessary.

For a stress fracture, rest for at least 1 month. Complete healing takes 4 - 6 weeks. You can use crutches, but they are typically not necessary.

Call your health care provider if

Although shin splints are seldom serious, you may need to call your health care provider if:

• The pain continues and is persistent, even with rest
• You are not sure whether your pain is caused by shin splints
• You don't improve with home treatment after several weeks