Sexual intercourse - painful Health Article

Definition

For both men and women, pain can occur in the pelvic area during or soon after sexual intercourse. It can happen at any time during sex -- for example, at the time of penetration, erection, or ejaculation -- or after sexual activity.

Eventually, ongoing pain may cause a person to lose interest in any sexual activity.

The medical term for this is dyspareunia.

Alternative Names

Painful sexual intercourse; Dyspareunia

Common Causes

• A diaphragm that does not fit properly
• Endometriosis
• Genital irritation from soaps, detergents, douches, or feminine hygiene products
• Hemorrhoids
• Herpes sores, genital warts, or other sexually transmitted diseases
• Intercourse too soon after surgery or childbirth
• Menopause
• Ovarian cysts
• Prostatitis -- inflammation of the prostate
• Reaction to the latex of a diaphragm or condom
• Sexual abuse or rape
• Urinary tract infections
• Use of certain medications
• Vaginal dryness or too little lubrication (for example, from not enough foreplay)
• Vaginal infection
• Vaginismus

Home Care

For painful intercourse in women after pregnancy:

• Wait at least 6 weeks after childbirth before resuming sexual relations.
• Be gentle and patient.

For vaginal dryness/inadequate lubrication:

• Try water-based lubricants.
• If you are going through menopause and lubricants don't work, talk to your doctor about estrogen creams or other prescription medications.

For painful intercourse caused by prostatitis:

• Soak in a warm bath.
• Drink plenty of fluids, but avoid alcohol and caffeine.
• Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
• Take antibiotics as prescribed.

For hemorrhoids, try stool softeners. Antibiotics may be required for urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases, or vaginal infections.

Other causes of painful intercourse may require prescription medications or, rarely, surgery.

Sex therapy may be helpful, especially if no underlying medical cause is identified. Guilt, inner conflict, or unresolved feelings about past abuse may be involved which need to be worked through in therapy. It may be best for your partner to see the therapist with you.

Call your health care provider if

Call your doctor if:

• Home remedies are not working.
• You have other symptoms with painful intercourse, like bleeding, genital lesions, irregular periods, discharge from penis or vagina, or involuntary vaginal muscle contraction.

If you have been sexually assaulted, report the crime to the police and go to the emergency room immediately. Get a trusted friend to accompany you. DO NOT change, bathe, shower or even wash your hands before the ER evaluation. The temptation to do so will be great, but it is important to not lose any evidence in order to help find, charge, and convict the suspect.