Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone.
See also:
Myxedema; Adult hypothyroidism
The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck just below the voice box (larynx). It releases hormones that control metabolism.
The most common cause of hypothyroidism is inflammation of the thyroid gland, which damages the gland's cells. Autoimmune or Hashimoto's thyroiditis, in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, is the most common example of this. Some women develop hypothyroidism after pregancy (often referred to as "postpartum throiditis").
Other common causes of hypothyroidism include:
Certain drugs can cause hyperthyroidism, including:
Risk factors include:
Early symptoms:
Late symptoms, if left untreated:
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Reviewer Info: Deborah Wexler, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Endocrinologist, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.; ADAM Health Illustrated Encyclopedia, 04/29/2009 |