Hypervitaminosis D

Definition

Hypervitaminosis D is a condition that occurs after taking excessive doses of vitamin D.

Alternative Names

Vitamin D toxicity

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

An excess of vitamin D causes abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood, which can eventually severely damage the bones, soft tissues, and kidneys. It is almost always caused by forms of vitamin D that require a doctor's prescription.

Symptoms

• Constipation
• Decreased appetite (anorexia)
• Dehydration
• Fatigue
• Irritability
• Muscle weakness
• Vomiting

Signs and tests

• Excess calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia)
• Excess calcium in the urine (hypercalciuria)
• Excessive thirst (polydipsia)
• High blood pressure
• Passing large amounts of urine (polyuria)

Tests to confirm the diagnosis:

• 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D levels
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels
• Serum calcium
• Serum phosphorus
• X-ray of the bone

Treatment

Stop taking vitamin D. Consult your physician. In severe cases, other treatment may be necessary.

Expectations (prognosis)

Recovery is expected.

Complications

• Dehydration
• Hypercalcemia
• Kidney damage
• Kidney stones

Calling your health care provider

Call your health care provider if:

• You or your child shows symptoms of hypervitaminosis D and has been taking more vitamin D than the recommended daily allowance
• You or your child shows symptoms and has been taking a prescription form of vitamin D

Prevention

To prevent this condition, pay careful attention to the correct vitamin D dose.