Hair dye poisoning Health Article

Definition

This poisoning is from swallowing hair dye or tint.

Alternative Names

Hair tint poisoning

Poisonous Ingredient

• Permanent dyes
  • Naphthylamine
  • Phenylene diamines
  • Toluene diamines
  • Other aromatic amino compounds
• Temporary dyes
  • Silver
  • Mercury
  • Lead (see lead poisoning)
  • Arsenic
  • Bismuth
  • Pyrogallol
  • Denatured alcohol

Note: This list may not be all inclusive

Where Found

• Various hair dyes

Symptoms

• Unable to walk in a normal manner
• Slurred speech
• No urine output
• Collapse
• Breathing difficulty
• Burning pain in the throat
• Blurred vision
• Burns to the eye
• Rash
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea (watery, bloody)
• Low blood pressure
• Stupor
• Coma

Home Treatment

Seek immediate medical help.

If the chemical is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes.

If the chemical was swallowed, immediately give the person water or milk, unless instructed otherwise by a health care provider. DO NOT give water or milk if the patient is having symptoms (such as vomiting, convulsions, or a decreased level of alertness) which make it impossible to swallow.

Before Calling Emergency

Determine the following information:

• The patient's age, weight, and condition
• The name of the product (ingredients and strengths, if known)
• The time it was swallowed
• The amount swallowed

Poison Control, or a local emergency number

The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. This national hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.

This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the U.S. use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Take the container with you to the hospital, if possible.

See National Poison Control center.

What to expect at the emergency room

The health care provider will measure and monitor the patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. The patient may receive:

• Fluids
• Medicines to treat symptoms
• Activated charcoal
• A nasogastric (NG) tube thru the nose into the stomach to empty the stomach (gastric lavage)
• Medicines to treat an allergic reaction (diphenhydramine, epinephrine, or prednisone)
• Endoscopy -- the placement of a camera down the throat to see the extent of burns to the esophagus and the stomach
• Medicine (antidote) to reverse the effect of the poison
• Irrigation (washing of the skin), perhaps every few hours for several days
• Skin debridement (surgical removal of burned skin)

In severe cases, the patient may be admitted to the hospital.

Expectations (prognosis)

How well the patient does depends on how fast the poison was diluted. Extensive damage to the mouth, throat, and stomach are possible. The ultimate outcome depends on the extent of this damage.

Damage can continue to occur to the esophagus and stomach for several weeks after the product is swallowed.

Chronic exposure to lead or mercury can lead to permanent neurological damage.