Apolipoprotein B100 Health Article

Definition

Apolipoprotein B100 is a protein that plays a role in metabolism. It is a form of low density lipoprotein (LDL). This article discusses the test used to measure the level of apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) in the blood.

Alternative Names

ApoB100; Apoprotein B100

How the test is performed

Blood is drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The puncture site is cleaned with antiseptic. An elastic band is placed around the upper arm to apply pressure and cause the vein to swell with blood.

A needle is inserted into the vein, and the blood is collected in an air-tight vial or a syringe. During the procedure, the band is removed to restore circulation. Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.

In infants or young children, the area is cleansed with antiseptic and punctured with a sharp needle or a lancet. The blood may be collected in a pipette (small glass tube), on a slide, onto a test strip, or into a small container. A bandage may be applied to the puncture site if there is any bleeding.

How to prepare for the test

Fasting for 4 - 6 hours may be recommended.

How the test will feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, you may feel moderate pain, or only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.

Why the test is performed

Most often, this test is done to help determine the cause of hyperlipidemia.

Normal values

The normal range is 40 - 125 mg/dL. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories.

What abnormal results mean

High levels of apoB occur in persons with high lipid levels (hyperlipidemia). ApoB100 measurements can help to determine the specific type or cause of hyperlipidemia.

Other disorders that may be associated with high apoB levels include angina pectoris and heart attack.

See also: Familial combined hyperlipidemia

What the risks are

• Excessive bleeding
• Fainting or feeling light-headed
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)
• Multiple punctures to locate veins

Special considerations

Apolipoprotein measurements may give a much more accurate picture of your health, including your risk for heart disease.

Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than others.